Product Case Studies

Aashrav Shah

Senior Technical Product Manager — GE HealthCare · Bengaluru

Engineer-turned-PM building data and AI products in regulated healthcare — a 0→1 fleet product influencing $6M+ in revenue, a HIPAA-compliant streaming platform at 5TB+/day, a GenAI assistant that answers from service manuals and machine data, and AI agents that take repetitive work out of the software lifecycle. Technical depth in Kafka, AWS, and ML pipelines; happiest at the intersection of complex infrastructure and the people who depend on it.

0→1 Product · Live in Production

Fleet Management Platform

Hospitals were losing hours to device failures the data could have flagged — if only it arrived in time.

The Problem

Device error logs are processed in batch — so biomedical and field service engineers see failures hours after they happen, long after the window to intervene has closed. It is hardest for smaller, portable devices such as anesthesia machines, which move around the hospital and are difficult to cover with a service contract. Discovery with 20+ biomedical engineers made the real brief clear: this wasn't an analytics problem, it was a delivery problem. Those devices now push their log files in real time through an API for fault analysis, and we're migrating them one at a time toward the streaming platform (case study 02).

Medical devices error occurs MIGRATING DEVICE-BY-DEVICE · BOTH COEXIST TODAY Batch processing bulk path · hours of delay TODAY · MOST DEVICES Log Transfer API API Gateway · real-time files MIGRATING · GROWING SHARE Engineers biomedical (on-site) + field service (remote) + predictive fault detection on device health · end-state: streaming platform (see case 02) real-time batch
Fig 01 — Batch and real-time coexisting today; devices migrating onto the API, one at a time
Key Decision — Keep Batch, or Migrate to Event-Triggered Transfer

Current: scheduled batch

Still the bulk path today. Logs collected on a schedule and processed in bulk — engineers see what already happened, informative for root cause but useless for prevention.

Migrating to: real-time API

Log files pushed the moment an error occurs, routed by issue type to the engineer who can act. Rolling out device-by-device alongside batch, toward a full streaming end-state.

Impact
$6M+
Revenue influenced
40%
Less downtime in 3 months
100+
Hospitals live
20+
Engineers in discovery

The engineers already knew what was wrong — that knowledge just needed to travel faster than the batch schedule allowed.

Multi-Year Platform Strategy · Live in Production

IoT Streaming Platform

Moving 5TB+ of daily telemetry from batch to streaming — and everything that became possible once we did.

The Problem

At 5TB+/day, batch became the ceiling on everything: ML couldn't run on fresh data, remote diagnostics worked hours behind, and every new data source took ~4 months to onboard. The platform needed a new foundation — HIPAA-compliant throughout the migration, and open to products that didn't exist yet.

Discovery & North Star

I started with service and remote engineers to find where latency actually changed a decision. Most use cases needed data within minutes, not milliseconds — so the North Star became the share of critical telemetry use cases with data available in under 5 minutes, not raw infrastructure latency. We onboarded the highest-value use cases first: fault detection fell from up to 24 hours to about 20 minutes, and the time-critical 20% of use cases are still heading for under 5.

Medical devices telemetry · logs Schema registry validate before publish KAFKA / MSK 5TB+/day · HIPAA replay on demand PySpark ETL Spark on EMR · transform Hot layer Parquet · recent · fast AWS Glue jobs convert · compact Cold storage archive · RDS for APIs ML anomaly detection hot · up to 24h → 20min GenAI assistant hot + cold · case 03 Observability · Kibana self-service dashboards Unified schemas onboarding 4mo → days hot / real-time cold / archived
Fig 02 — Schema-validated ingest, hot/cold storage split, products read the layer they need
Key Decision — Amazon Kinesis vs. MSK (Kafka)

Considered: Amazon Kinesis

Lower setup overhead, but shard pricing gets unpredictable at 5TB+/day — and a short replay window limits how far back ML teams can reach.

Chosen: MSK (Kafka)

We needed minutes, not milliseconds — so we chose for replayability, scale and an architecture the team could operate. Predictable cost at 5TB+/day, and log-based replay for any downstream consumer.

Impact
5TB+
Daily, near real time
24h→20min
Fault detection
30%
Lower P90 data latency
4mo→days
Team onboarding
What It Unlocked

Three things sit on top of the stream. A pipeline health dashboard follows data from device to data lake and shows where packets are lost, delayed or duplicated — teams used it to cut P90 data latency by 30%. Reusable self-service dashboard building blocks, which teams extend for their own needs, grew users by 20%. And metadata governance on Glue Schema Registry, standardizing schemas and lineage across 5+ formats, took onboarding for internal quality and NPI teams from 4 months to days.

The product was never "a Kafka platform" — it was faster access to machine intelligence, so engineers could make decisions sooner.

MVP · GenAI Product

GenAI Conversational Assistant

The answers existed — in telemetry, service manuals and training material — but engineers had to search each source and interpret it by hand. The assistant brings them together and answers in plain language.

MVP validated — engineer stays in the loop
The Problem

Service and engineering teams had plenty of machine telemetry and technical documentation, but getting an answer meant going through several data sources and interpreting the result manually. The data wasn't the bottleneck; the last mile of understanding was.

How It Works

Two kinds of knowledge feed the assistant. Unstructured material — service manuals, training content — is chunked, embedded and retrieved on demand (RAG), so the model answers from our documents rather than from memory. Structured machine data is queried directly. An orchestration layer brings both together and passes that context to the LLM.

Service manuals & docs chunks · embeddings · RAG Structured machine data telemetry · relationships Semantic metadata what each parameter means Orchestration + LLM retrieve · ground · answer conversation Service engineer makes the final decision feedback · followed? · resolved the issue? evaluated at three levels: retrieval quality · response quality · business outcome
Fig 03 — Documents and machine data, grounded by metadata; the engineer decides
Key Decision — Raw Data Columns vs. Semantic Metadata

Option A: raw columns

Hand the model the database fields as they are. Quick to wire up, but a column name says nothing about what Tube Temperature, Pressure or Flow Rate actually mean — generic outputs engineers won't trust.

Chosen: semantic metadata

Describe every parameter in metadata the model can read, so it interprets machine data the way an engineer would — specific enough to act on, and to ask follow-ups against.

Guardrails & Evaluation

The assistant recommends; it never acts on a machine or makes an irreversible service decision. The engineer makes the call, and we capture whether the recommendation was followed and whether it resolved the issue. I judged the product at three levels: did it retrieve the right information, was the response accurate and grounded, and did engineers investigate issues faster. Next: stronger retrieval and evaluation, tighter guardrails, and automating low-risk, reversible actions while keeping human approval for the rest.

Impact
60%
Faster diagnostic response
2
Knowledge types, one answer
3
Evaluation levels
0
Autonomous actions — engineer decides

The hardest part wasn't the model — it was teaching it what our parameters mean, so that asking it beat searching every source yourself.

Pilot · AI Agents · Early Results

AI Agents across the Software Lifecycle

Too much product time went into translating requirements into stories, then checking finished work against acceptance criteria. Two agents now take the first pass at both.

Pilot — early results
The Problem

Our product knowledge lived in Confluence, Git repositories and years of requirements, features and user stories in Rally. Turning a new requirement into well-structured engineering stories meant translating all of that by hand — and once the work was delivered, validating it against the acceptance criteria was manual too.

Existing knowledge Confluence · Git · Rally Requirement new ask Product Agent drafts with full context Feature & user story created in Rally Engineering builds the work Acceptance Agent checks vs. criteria Human review final decision Accepted story closed agents take the first pass · people keep the decision
Fig 04 — Two agents at two points in the lifecycle, with a human making the final call
Key Decision — Let the Agent Accept, or Keep a Human in the Loop

Considered: autonomous acceptance

Fastest on paper. But an AI agent independently accepting every software change puts speed ahead of judgment — and nobody is accountable when it gets one wrong.

Chosen: agent assesses, human decides

The Acceptance Agent gives an initial validation; a product or team member reviews it and makes the final acceptance decision. Speed where it is safe, judgment where it matters.

My Role & What I Measure

I drove the product side: defining the problems and workflows worth improving, working out where AI adds value, shaping the agent workflows and knowledge sources with engineering, and setting the human-in-the-loop model. Time saved is the headline, but not the whole picture — story quality, acceptance accuracy, human override rate and manual effort removed tell us whether the agents are actually good.

Impact
50–70%
Time saved, early results
2
Agents: product + acceptance
3
Knowledge sources connected
100%
Acceptances decided by a person

The goal isn't AI-written stories — it's less repetitive work across the lifecycle, with people still responsible wherever judgment or risk is involved.